


These preclinical results have contributed to clinical practice guidelines for those with neuromuscular disease (including DMD), where families are characteristically instructed to avoid strenuous physical activity for fears of inducing further muscle damage.

The majority of this premise may be founded in prior mdx mouse studies focused on exercise inducing muscle injury, with results clearly demonstrating that dystrophic muscle is more easily damaged than healthy muscle when subjected to high mechanical forces aimed at promoting muscle injury, as occurs during eccentric muscle actions 2. Because of the enhanced fragility of dystrophic muscle, the thought of strengthening exercises in the DMD population has raised concerns due to potential for increasing muscle damage and injury 1. Only a few therapeutic interventions exist for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) which have limited impact on disease progression.
